Tafseer Ibn Kathir of AL A'RAAF [191]

191. Do they attribute as partners to Allah those who created nothing but they themselves are created 192. No help can they give them, nor can they help themselves. 193. And if you call them to guidance, they follow you not. It is the same for you whether you call them or you keep silent. 194. Verily, those whom you call upon besides Allah are servants like you. So call upon them and let them answer you if you are truthful. 195. Have they feet wherewith they walk Or have they hands wherewith they hold Or have they eyes wherewith they see Or have they ears wherewith they hear Say: ”Call your (so-called) partners (of Allah) and then plot against me, and give me no respite! 196. Verily, my protector is Allah Who has revealed the Book (the Qur'an), and He protects the righteous. 197. And those whom you call upon besides Him (Allah) cannot help you nor can they help themselves. 198. And if you call them to guidance, they hear not and you will see them looking at you, yet they see not.'' Allah admonishes the idolators who worshipped idols, rivals and images besides Him, although these objects were created by Allah, and neither own anything nor can they bring harm or benefit. These objects do not see or give aid to those who worship them. They are inanimate objects that neither move, hear, or see. Those who worship these objects are better than they are, for they hear see and have strength of their own. Allah said,

(Do they attribute as partners to Allah those who created nothing but they themselves are created) meaning, `Do you associate with Allah others that neither create, nor have power to create anything' Allah said in another Ayah,

(O mankind! A similitude has been coined, so listen to it (carefully): Verily, those on whom you call besides Allah, cannot create (even) a fly, even though they combine together for the purpose. And if the fly snatches away a thing from them, they will have no power to release it from the fly. So weak are (both) the seeker and the sought. They have not estimated Allah His rightful estimate. Verily, Allah is All-Strong, Almighty) ï´¿22:73-74ï´¾. Allah states that if all false gods of the disbelievers gather their strength, they would not be able to create a fly. Rather, if the fly steals anything from them, no matter how insignificant, and flew away, they would not be able to retrieve it. Therefore, if an object is this weak, how can it be worshipped and invoked for provisions and aid This is why Allah said,

(... who created nothing but they themselves are created) these worshipped objects themselves were created and made. Prophet Ibrahim Al-Khalil proclaimed,

(”Worship you that which you (yourselves) carve'') ﴿37:95﴾ Allah said next,

(No help can they give them) those who worship them,

(nor can they help themselves) nor are they able to aid themselves against those who seek to harm them. For instance, Allah's Khalil, peace be upon him, broke and disgraced the idols of his people, just as Allah said he did,

(Then he turned upon them, striking (them) with (his) right hand,) ï´¿37:93ï´¾ and,

(So he broke them to pieces, (all) except the biggest of them, that they might turn to it.) ﴿21:58﴾ Mu`adh bin `Amr ibn Al-Jamuh and Mu`adh bin Jabal, may Allah be pleased with both of them, were still young when they embraced Islam after the Messenger of Allah came to Al-Madinah. So they were attacking the idols of the idolators at night, breaking, disfiguring them and using them as fuel for needy widows. They sought to give a lesson to their people to make them aware of their error. `Amr bin Al-Jamuh, who was one of the chiefs of his people, had an idol that he used to worship and perfume. The two Mu`adhs used to go to that idol, turn it on its head and tarnish it with animal waste. When `Amr bin Al-Jamuh would see what happened to his idol, he would clean it, perfume it and leave a sword next to it, saying, ”Defend yourself.'' However, the two young men would repeat their actions, and he would do the same as before. Once, they took the idol, tied it to a dead dog and threw it in a well while tied to a rope! When `Amr bin Al-Jamuh saw this, he knew that his religion was false and said, ”By Allah! Had you been a god who has might, you would not end up tied to a dog on a rope!'' `Amr bin Al-Jamuh embraced Islam, and he was strong in his Islam. He was later martyred during the battle of Uhud, may Allah be pleased with him, give him pleasure. and grant him Paradise as his dwelling. Allah said,

(And if you call them to guidance, they follow you not.) Allah says, these idols do not hear the calls of those who worship them. Therefore, the result is the same, whether calling the idols or shunning them. Ibrahim, peace be upon said,

(”O my father! Why do you worship that which hears not, sees not and cannot avail you in anything'') ﴿19:42﴾ Next, Allah states that the idols were created, just as those who worship them. Rather, the people are better than the idols, because they are able to hear, see and exert harm. The idols, on the other hand, have no such powers. Allah said next,

(Say: ”Call your (so-called) partners (of Allah)) invoke the idols for aid against me and do not give me respite, even for an instant, and give it your best effort,

(Verily, my protector is Allah Who has revealed the Book (the Qur'an), and He protects the righteous.) Allah's support is sufficient and He will suffice for me, He is My supporter, I trust in Him and take refuge with Him. He is my protector, in this life and the Hereafter, and the protector of every righteous believer after me. Similarly, the people of Hud said,

(”All that we say is that some of our gods have seized you with evil (madness). '' Hud replied: ”I call Allah to witness, and bear you witness that I am free from that which you ascribe ﴿as partners in worship, with Him (Allah)﴾. So plot against me, all of you, and give me no respite. I put my trust in Allah, my Lord and your Lord! There is not a moving (living) creature but He has the grasp of its forelock. Verily, my Lord is on a path that is straight) ﴿11:54-56﴾. Ibrahim Al-Khalil proclaimed (to his people),

(Do you observe that which you have been wershipping, You and your ancient fathers. Verily, they are enemies to me, save the Lord of all that exists. Who has created me, and it is He Who guides me.'') ï´¿26:75-78ï´¾ He also said to his father and his people,

(”Verily, I am innocent of what you warship. Except Him Who did create me; and verily, He will guide me.'' And he made it a legacy lasting among his offspring, that they may turn back (to Allah).) ﴿43:26-28﴾ Allah said here,

(Verily, those whom you call upon besides Allah) until the end of the Ayah, reiterating what has been said earlier, but He uses direct speech this time,

(cannot help you nor can they help themselves.) The Ayah,

(And if you call them to guidance, they hear not and you will see them looking at you, yet they see not.) is similar to another Ayah,

(If you invoke (or call upon) them, they hear not your call.) ï´¿35:14ï´¾. Allah said next,

(and you will see them looking at you, yet they see not.) meaning, they have eyes that stare as if they see, although they are solid. Therefore, the Ayah treated them as if they had a mind ï´¿saying, Tarahum, instead of Tarahaï´¾, since they are made in the shape of humans with eyes drawn on them.